What is the effect of regular physical activity on cognitive function in dementia?

• A. Regular physical activity has no effect on cognition.
• B. Regular physical activity worsens dementia symptoms.
• C. Regular physical activity benefits only mood, not cognition.
• D. Regular physical activity supports cognitive function.

Answer: (D)

Regular physical activity supports cognitive function in dementia. Exercise improves blood flow to the brain and promotes neuroplastic changes, including higher levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which helps neurons communicate better. These brain improvements can help with memory, attention, and planning, and they may slow how quickly cognitive abilities decline. Activity also lowers risk factors that can worsen cognition, such as vascular problems, depression, and poor sleep. Practical options like walking, dancing, tai chi, cycling, or gentle resistance work can be tailored to the person’s abilities and safety. While it won’t cure dementia, it provides meaningful cognitive benefits and supports overall function.