Which of the following is NOT recommended when talking with someone who has dementia?

• A. Use clear, simple language
• B. Maintain eye contact
• C. Be patient
• D. Speak loudly and slowly with complex sentences

Answer: (D)

When talking with someone who has dementia, the skill being tested is using communication methods that are clear, calm, and supportive so the person can understand and feel respected. The statement that is not recommended is speaking loudly and slowly with complex sentences. That approach tends to be unhelpful. Raising the voice can feel harsh or frightening and can increase anxiety or agitation. It also doesn’t address comprehension; many people with dementia process language better when sentences are simple and information is delivered in small, concrete steps rather than long, complicated thoughts. Complex sentences demand more memory and processing, which can be exhausting and confusing.

Instead, use clear, simple language with short sentences and one idea at a time. Speak in a calm, even tone at a normal or slightly slower pace, but avoid shouting or over-enunciating to a degree that feels unnatural. Maintain steady eye contact and give the person extra time to respond, showing patience and respect. Use familiar words, concrete examples, and supportive gestures, and check for understanding with gentle questions or cues.