Which of the following is a type of dementia associated with Lewy bodies?

• A. Alzheimer's disease
• B. Frontotemporal dementia
• C. Lewy body dementia
• D. Vascular dementia

Answer: (C)

Lewy bodies are abnormal protein deposits that accumulate in neurons. When these Lewy bodies build up in brain areas that support thinking, movement, and perception, they produce Lewy body dementia. This type often shows cognitive fluctuations, vivid visual hallucinations, REM sleep behavior disorder, and parkinsonian motor features. These signs set it apart from the others: Alzheimer's disease mainly involves memory loss from amyloid plaques and tau tangles; frontotemporal dementia centers on early personality or language changes due to frontal/temporal lobe degeneration; vascular dementia stems from cerebrovascular disease and typically has a stepwise decline with focal neurologic signs. So the dementia associated with Lewy bodies is Lewy body dementia.